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Supreme Court Reinstates Conviction in Cheque Dishonour Case, Modifies Sentence to Fine. Presumption Under Section 139 NI Act Favours Complainant Unless Rebutted by Probable Defence – High Court’s Acquittal Overturned

Presumption of Legally Enforceable Debt (Sections 118 & 139 NI Act): The Supreme Court reiterated that once the complainant proves the cheque...

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Supreme Court Quashes FIR in Cheating Case, Distinguishes Between Civil Breach and Criminal Cheating. Business Setbacks Do Not Automatically Imply Criminal Intent – SC

Civil Dispute vs. Criminal Cheating: The Supreme Court reiterated that mere breach of contract or failure to repay dues due to business losses does n...

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Supreme Court Upholds Customs Authorities in Classification Dispute Over Imported Goods as High Speed Diesel. Goods Classified as Prohibited High Speed Diesel Under Customs Tariff Act, 1975, Leading to Confiscation and Penalties Under Customs Act, 1962.

The dispute centered on the classification of imported goods by three appellant companies, who declared them as Base Oil under Chapter Heading 2710196...

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Supreme Court Clarifies Eligibility Criteria for Food Safety Officers: Master’s Degree in Relevant Subjects Valid for Appointment. Court Rules in Favor of Appellants, Quashes High Court’s Decision on FSO Qualifications

The term “degree” under Section 22(3) of the UGC Act includes Bachelor’s, Master’s, and Doctorate degrees, and any restriction to exclude Mast...

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Supreme Court Sets Aside NCDRC Order : No Privity of Contract Between Parties, Respondent Not a ‘Consumer’ Under Consumer Protection Act, 1986. Court Holds No Tripartite Agreement Proven, Respondent Not Entitled to Compensation Under Consumer Protection Act, 1986

Privity of Contract Essential for Consumer Status: The Court reiterated that for a person to qualify as a ‘consumer’ under the CPA, t...

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Supreme Court Upholds Cancellation of Select List for Constable Recruitment Due to Irregularities. Recruitment Process Cancelled Due to Violation of Reservation Policy and Lack of Fair Representation – Supreme Court Reiterates Doctrine of Proportionality and Wednesbury Unasonableness

The doctrine of Proportionality: The Court held that the decision to cancel the entire recruitment process was proportionate to the gravity of the irr...

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Interpretation Of Manufacturing Process Under Factories Act, 1948 – Business Of Laundry Held To Constitute Manufacturing Process – Premises Deemed A Factory – Order Issuing Process Restored.

a. Definition of manufacturing process under Section 2(k) includes washing and cleaning for delivery and use – Laundry service falls squarely within...

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Supreme Court of India Ruled on the Definition of ‘Consumer’ Under the Consumer Protection Act, 1986 in Loan Transactions

The Apex Court Held That a Borrower of a Project Loan Does Not Qualify as a ‘Consumer’ When the Loan is Availed for Commercial Purposes The Supre...

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Supreme Court Upholds Enforceability of Public Procurement Policy for Micro and Small Enterprises (MSEs) – Directs Review of Minimum Turnover Clauses in Tenders

Court Emphasizes Statutory Duty of Government to Procure 25% from MSEs – Guidelines Issued for Effective Implementation of Procurement Policy T...