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Supreme Court Clarifies Legal Insanity Defence Under Section 84 IPC and Burden of Proof Under Section 105 Evidence Act. The court held that insanity must be legal, not medical, to exempt from criminal liability, with the accused bearing the burden of proof on a preponderance of probabilities standard.

The judgment involved an appeal where the appellant raised the plea of insanity under Section 84 of the Indian Penal Code, 1860, seeking reversal of a...

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Supreme Court Upholds Conviction for Rape of Mentally Retarded Woman in Himachal Pradesh. High Court's Reversal of Acquittal Upheld as Prosecutrix's Mild Mental Retardation Rendered Her Incapable of Understanding Sexual Assault.

The Supreme Court dismissed the appeal filed by Chaman Lal against the judgment of the Himachal Pradesh High Court, which had reversed his acquittal a...

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Bombay High Court Allows Mentally Challenged Person to Donate Kidney to Brother Under Transplantation of Human Organs and Tissues Act, 1994 — Natural Guardians Can Give Consent for Organ Donation by Mentally Incompetent Donor.

The petitioners, Ganpatrao Pawar and his wife Suman, are parents of two sons: Amol (petitioner no. 3), who is mentally challenged and represented by h...

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Bombay High Court Dismisses State Appeal Against Acquittal in Murder Case Due to Unreliable Witness Testimony and Lack of Evidence. Acquittal of Accused Under Sections 302, 307 IPC and Section 27 Arms Act Upheld as Prosecution Failed to Prove Guilt Beyond Reasonable Doubt.

The State of Maharashtra appealed against the acquittal of the respondent-accused, Balu @ Balkrushna Gangadhar Chavan, in Sessions Case No. 92 of 1996...

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Bombay High Court Acquits Husband and First Wife in Dowry Death Case Due to Lack of Evidence of Cruelty or Abetment to Suicide. Marriage of two sisters to same man does not automatically establish cruelty under Section 498A or abetment under Section 306 IPC.

The case involves an appeal against conviction under Sections 498A and 306 IPC. The deceased, Renuka, was the second wife of appellant no.1 and the re...

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Bombay High Court Upholds Conviction for Murder Based on Circumstantial Evidence and Motive. Son Convicted for Murder of Mother Under Section 302 IPC as Circumstantial Evidence Including Motive, Last Seen, and Recovery of Weapon Established Guilt Beyond Reasonable Doubt.

The appellant, Sanjay Madhukar Satam, was convicted by the 2nd Adhoc Additional Sessions Judge, Thane, for the murder of his mother Suhasini under Sec...