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Supreme Court Allows Appeal and Sets Aside Conviction Under Section 302 Read with Section 34 IPC for Murder. Acquittal of Co-accused Negates Constructive Liability Where No Other Participants Shown....

The appeal arose from a criminal trial in which four accused persons were charged with the murder of one Vishwanath. The prosecution alleged that the accused, motivated by a common grudge against the ...

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Supreme Court Acquits Accused in Murder Case Due to Inadmissible Dying Declaration. Dying Declaration Could Not Be Admitted Under Section 32(1) of Indian Evidence Act, 1872 Because Prosecution Failed to Prove the Declarant's Death Was Caused by Injuries Received in the Incident....

The appeals arose from the judgment of the Allahabad High Court dated February 2, 1962, which had altered the convictions of the appellants, Moti Singh and Jagdamba Prasad, from offences under Section...

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Supreme Court Upholds Dismissal of Workmen by Employer in Industrial Dispute Due to Serious Misconduct During Strike. Dismissal Held Not Victimisation as Punishment Was Proportionate to Offence of Physically Obstructing Willing Workers Under Section 33(2)(b) of Industrial Disputes Act, 1947....

The appeal arose from an industrial dispute concerning the dismissal of thirteen workmen of Bhatdee Colliery. The appellant, M/s. Bengal Bhatdee Coal Co., was the employer, and the respondents were th...

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Supreme Court Upholds Complainant in Criminal Revision Regarding Pre-Process Participation by Accused. Accused Cannot Enter Inquiry Before Process Issued Under Section 202 CrPC; Test Is Sufficient Ground for Proceeding, Not Conviction....

This criminal appeal arose from a certificate granted by the High Court of Calcutta under Article 134(1)(c) of the Constitution of India against its order in Criminal Revision No. 620 of 1959. The lit...

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Supreme Court Dismisses Appeal and Writ Petition in Stage Carriage Permit Case Due to Lack of Jurisdiction Over Pre-Merger Pondicherry Order. Quasi-Judicial Appellate Authority Not 'Under Control of Government of India' per Article 12, So Article 15 Inapplicable and Constitution Not Retrospective....

The litigation arose from a stage carriage permit application before the State Transport Authority, Pondicherry. Fourteen persons, including the petitioner K. S. Ramamurthi Reddiar, applied. The State...

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Supreme Court Upholds Dismissal of Public Servant in Hyderabad Revenue Service Under States Reorganisation Act Provisions. State Government's Notification Under Section 122 of States Reorganisation Act, 1956 Validly Named Disciplinary Tribunal Despite Incompatibility with Section 3 of Hyderabad Public Servants (Tribunal of Enquiry) Act, 1950....

Background: The appeal before the Supreme Court arose out of a writ petition challenging the dismissal of a public servant from the Hyderabad Revenue Service. The appellant, M. Ramappa, was holding th...

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Supreme Court Upholds State Legislation Regulating Nathdwara Temple Administration, Declaring Temple Public and Tilkayat a Custodian/Trustee. Nathdwara Temple Act, 1959 (Rajasthan 13 of 1959) valid except Section 30(2)(a) empowering State to prescribe qualifications for Goswami office infringed religious freedom under Articles 25 and 26 of Constitution of India....

Background: This case involved a constitutional challenge to the Nathdwara Temple Act, 1959 (Rajasthan 13 of 1959) enacted by the State of Rajasthan. The temple at Nathdwara, dedicated to Shrinathji, ...

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Supreme Court Upheld State's Stamp Duty Demand in Indian Stamp Act Case Concerning Mortgage Deed Executed in Uttar Pradesh but Stamped with West Bengal Stamps. The instrument was not duly stamped in Uttar Pradesh because it lacked Uttar Pradesh stamps, as required by Section 2(ii) and Section 3 of the Indian Stamp Act, 1899, and the Uttar Pradesh Stamp Rules....

The case involved a writ petition under Article 32 of the Constitution filed by a company and its shareholders against the State of West Bengal and others, challenging an order of the Board of Revenue...

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Supreme Court Upholds Vendor in Contract Forfeiture Case Under Section 74 of Indian Contract Act; Earnest Money Forfeiture Subject to Reasonable Compensation. Buyer's Breach of Contract Led to Forfeiture of Only Rs 1,000 Earnest Money, Not Entire Rs 25,000 Deposit....

The dispute arose from an agreement dated March 21, 1949, under which the respondent, as vendor, agreed to sell leasehold rights in a plot of land and building in Karol Bagh, Delhi to the appellant fo...